Preserving Clay in Animation: The Secrets Behind Claymation Techniques

The world of claymation, brought to life by beloved characters like Wallace and Gromit, requires careful handling and preservation to ensure that the clay remains workable and retains its shape throughout the animation process. Unlike many other artistic mediums, claymation typically uses plasticine-type clay due to its unique properties. In this article, we will explore the different types of clay used in animation and the methods to keep them from drying out during production.

The Role of Plasticine-Type Clay in Animation

Plasticine-type clay, known for its oil-based composition, is widely used in claymation due to its non-drying nature. This characteristic makes it ideal for animators, as the clay can remain workable for extended periods without losing its shape. Plasticine-type clay, such as Van Aken’s “Plastalina,” is among the most common choices and is available in various colors, contributing to the vibrant and detailed animations we see.

Exploring Other Types of Clay for Animation

While plasticine-type clay is a popular choice, there are other types of clay that can also be used for claymation, each with its own unique characteristics and challenges:

Epoxy Clay: The Self-Curing Option

Epoxy clay is another type of clay used in animation, and it operates on the principle of self-curing or hardening. When the two parts of the epoxy clay are mixed, it begins to polymerize and harden over time. This type of clay is useful for creating static scenes or props, but it is less practical for continuous animation due to its inability to retain an malleable state. Animators must consider these limitations when choosing between different types of clay.

polymer Clay: The Thermally Hardenable Option

Polymer clay, on the other hand, can be hardened with heat, usually through a home oven set at a specific temperature. This makes it a versatile option for claymation, as it can be used for detailed and intricate animations. One common temperature for baking polymer clay is 275 F. However, compared to plasticine-type clay, polymer clay may be less durable under the harsh conditions of hot lights used in film and television productions. Animators must weigh the benefits of this type of clay against its potential drawbacks.

Challenges of Air-Dry Clay in Animation

Air-dry clays, including earthen clays, present a different set of challenges. These clays are water-based and will dry out and harden when left out in the open. While air-dry clays can be a cost-effective and fun medium for beginners, they are not suitable for professional animation due to their tendency to become brittle and lose their shape. For animators seeking a more robust and flexible material, air-dry clays are best reserved for prototyping or specialized effects.

Best Practices for Preserving Clay in Animation

To ensure the clay remains workable and preserves its integrity during the animation production, animators must employ specific techniques:

Proper Storage Techniques

Storing the clay in airtight containers or wrap can help retain its moisture and moldability. Keeping the clay away from direct heat sources and moisture can further prevent drying out. For plasticine-type clay, these storage methods are particularly important to maintain its optimal condition.

Hydrophobic Treatments

Some clay animation studios and professionals apply hydrophobic treatments to the clay to enhance its non-drying properties. These treatments can help prevent moisture from penetrating the clay, ensuring it remains workable and flexible throughout the animation process.

Frequent Baking or Heating

For polymers, regular heating or baking is necessary to maintain the clay’s malleable state. This process should be done with caution, as excessive baking can lead to the clay becoming too stiff or brittle. Animators must find a balance between keeping the clay workable and avoiding over-baking.

Conclusion

Claymation, whether through plasticine-type clay, epoxy clay, or polymer clay, requires careful attention to the non-drying properties of the clay. Plasticine-type clay remains the most popular choice due to its versatile and efficient nature. By understanding the different types of clay and implementing proper preservation techniques, animators can create stunning and detailed claymation pieces that captivate audiences.